ACT Science / Topic

Conflicting Viewpoints

Conflicting Viewpoints passages present two or more scientists or students disagreeing about the same phenomenon. Questions test whether you can keep each viewpoint straight, find agreements and disagreements, and evaluate how new evidence would affect each side.

4 passage sets22 questions

What the exam asks

  • Summarize the core claim of each viewpoint in one line
  • Identify specific points where the viewpoints agree and where they conflict
  • Determine what new evidence would strengthen or weaken a given viewpoint
  • Answer 'according to Scientist 2...' questions strictly from that viewpoint
  • Track the assumptions each side makes about the underlying mechanism

How to attack this passage type

One-line summaries

write each scientist's claim + mechanism before touching the questions

Attribution discipline

answer only from the named viewpoint, even if it is scientifically wrong

Evidence test

new finding supports the side whose predicted mechanism it matches

Agreement questions

look for shared premises (the phenomenon itself) - sides usually agree on the observation, not the cause

Question bank breakdown

Passage sets

4

Passage questions

22

Difficulty mix

7 easy · 5 medium · 10 hard

Skills covered

Earth Space ScienceBiology

Every question in the bank comes with a worked explanation, and most add a per-choice breakdown so you learn why each wrong answer is wrong - not just the key.

Sample question

From the free tier of the ScoreMint ACT Science bank - try it, then check the answer.

Scientist 1 and Scientist 2 would most likely agree on which of the following statements?

  • A. The K-Pg mass extinction occurred approximately 66 million years ago and eliminated non-avian dinosaurs.
  • B. Volcanic activity played no role in the extinction.
  • C. The asteroid impact had no effect on the extinction.
  • D. Dinosaurs were already completely extinct before the asteroid impact.
Show answer and explanation

Answer: A. Correct. Both scientists accept the basic fact and timing of the K-Pg mass extinction. They differ on the cause, not on whether the extinction occurred or when.

Study tip

This is the only passage type worth reading fully before the questions. Save it for last in the section, and label each paragraph's claim so 'which scientist would agree' questions take seconds.